Xyoo 2019, US FDA tau tshaj tawm ib daim ntawv thov tshiab hais tias ntawm 16 yam khoom xyaw nquag ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas tam sim no muaj nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam hauv Asmeskas, zinc oxide thiab titanium dioxide raug ntxiv rau cov khoom siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub ua "GRASE" (Feem ntau lees paub tias muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua tau zoo). PABA thiab Trolamine Salicylate tsis yog "GRASE" rau kev siv hauv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub vim muaj teeb meem kev nyab xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntsiab lus no raug coj tawm ntawm cov ntsiab lus, thiab nws nkag siab tias tsuas yog cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub lub cev - nano zinc oxide thiab titanium dioxide - muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua tau zoo hauv cov khoom xyaw nquag ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub, lwm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua tau zoo. Qhov tseeb, qhov kev nkag siab zoo yog tias txawm hais tias US FDA suav tias nano-zinc oxide thiab titanium dioxide yog "GRASE", nws tsis tau txhais hais tias lwm 12 yam tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tsis yog GRASE, tab sis lawv tseem tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv kev nyab xeeb txaus los ua pov thawj. Tib lub sijhawm, FDA kuj thov kom cov tuam txhab cuam tshuam muab cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa kev nyab xeeb ntxiv.
Ntxiv mus, FDA kuj tau ua qhov kev sim tshuaj ntawm "kev nqus tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub los ntawm daim tawv nqaij mus rau hauv cov ntshav" thiab pom tias qee cov khoom xyaw nquag ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub hauv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub, yog tias lub cev nqus tau ntau dhau, yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv. Thaum cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim tau tshaj tawm, lawv tau ua rau muaj kev sib tham dav dav thoob plaws ntiaj teb, thiab maj mam ua rau cov neeg siv khoom ib txwm uas tsis paub qhov tseeb nkag siab yuam kev. Lawv ntseeg ncaj qha tias cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav thiab tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb rau tib neeg lub cev, thiab txawm tias ib sab ntseeg tias cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab tsis tuaj yeem siv.
Muaj kev tshaj tawm tias FDA tau nrhiav 24 tus neeg ua haujlwm pab dawb, muab faib ua 4 pawg, thiab sim cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas muaj 4 hom tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub sib txawv hauv cov mis. Ua ntej, cov neeg ua haujlwm pab dawb tau muab 75% ntawm tag nrho daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub cev, raws li tus qauv koob tshuaj ntawm 2mg / cm2, 4 zaug hauv ib hnub rau 4 hnub sib law liag los siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub. Tom qab ntawd, cov ntshav ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm pab dawb tau sau rau 7 hnub sib law liag thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub hauv cov ntshav tau kuaj. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias thaj chaw ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm tus neeg laus yog li 1.5-2 ㎡. Xav tias tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm 1.8 ㎡, yog tias suav raws li tus qauv ntau npaum li cas, tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub siv los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm pab dawb yog li 2 × 1.8 × 10000 / 1000 = 36g hauv kev sim, thiab tus nqi rau 4 zaug hauv ib hnub yog 36 × 4 = 144g. Feem ntau, thaj chaw ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub ntsej muag yog li 300-350cm², ib qho kev siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub txaus los tiv thaiv tag nrho hnub. Ua li no, qhov kev siv uas tau xam yog 2 × 350/1000 = 0.7g, txawm tias muaj xim pleev dua los xij, nws yog li ntawm 1 .0 ~ 1.5g. Yog tias siv s ntau tshaj plaws ntawm 1.5 grams, qhov kev xam yog 144 / 1.5 = 96 zaug. Thiab qhov ntau ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas cov neeg ua haujlwm pab dawb siv rau 4 hnub sib law liag yog 144 × 4 = 576g, thaum qhov ntau ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas cov neeg ib txwm siv rau 4 hnub yog 1.5 × 4 = 6g. Yog li ntawd, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntau ntawm 576 grams thiab 6 grams ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub yog qhov loj heev thiab qhov cuam tshuam yog qhov pom tseeb.
Cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas FDA tau sim hauv qhov kev sim no yog benzophenone-3, octoclilin, avobenzone, thiab TDSA. Ntawm lawv, tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv kuaj pom ntawm benzophenone-3 ntau dua li qhov hu ua "tus nqi kev nyab xeeb", kwv yees li 400 npaug ntau dua tus qauv, octocrylene thiab avobenzone ob leeg nyob hauv 10 npaug, thiab p-xylylenedicamphorsulfonic acid Nws tsis raug kuaj pom.
Hauv kev xav, kev siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub ntau dhau yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau ntxiv. Nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias txawm tias cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub kuj pom muaj nyob hauv cov ntshav hauv qab cov xwm txheej kuaj mob hnyav heev. Cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tau raug pom zoo thiab siv tau ntau tshaj kaum xyoo, ntau lub tebchaws tau tswj hwm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub ua tshuaj, thiab txog tam sim no tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb txaus los ua pov thawj tias lawv muaj cov kev phiv rau lub cev tib neeg.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Cuaj hlis-09-2022
