I-Azobisisoheptonitrile: Izakhiwo, Izicelo kanye Nezexwayiso Zokuphepha

Muva nje, i-azobisisoheptonitrile iphinde yabonakala emphakathini. Le nto yamakhemikhali, enegama lesiNgisi elithi 2,2′-Azobis-(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), ivela njengamakristalu amhlophe, enephuzu lokuncibilika elisukela ku-40 kuya ku-70℃. Iyisiqalisi esincibilika kumafutha esinamandla okusebenza angu-122 KJ/mol. Iyancibilika ezinyibilikisini eziphilayo ezifana ne-methanol, i-toluene kanye ne-acetone, kodwa ayincibiliki emanzini. Izinga lokushisa lokubola engxenyeni yokuphila yamahora ayi-10 lingu-51℃ (ku-toluene).

I-Azobisisoheptonitrile isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni i-bulk polymerization, i-suspension polymerization kanye ne-solution polymerization, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni kanye nocwaningo lwesayensi. Njengoba ukubola kwayo cishe kuyimpendulo yokuqala, yakha uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lwe-free radical ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi, izinzile ngokwemvelo futhi ilungele ukugcinwa kanye nokuthuthwa. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa, idinga ukufakwa efrijini futhi ivikelwe ekungqubuzaneni okukhulu nasekushayweni, ngaphandle kwalokho ingabangela ukuqhuma.

Ekuseni kakhulu ngomhlaka-22 kuJulayi 2011, ibhasi lokulala elinezitezi ezimbili elalisuka eWeihai, eShandong liya eChangsha, eHunan emgwaqweni iBeijing-Zhuhai Expressway lasha ngokuzumayo. Umlilo wawunamandla kangangokuthi washisa ibhasi laphela. Le nhlekelele yabulala abantu abangu-41 futhi yalimaza abantu abangu-6, kwathi umuntu oyedwa walimala kabi. Ngemva kophenyo, imbangela yengozi kwaba ukuthuthwa okungekho emthethweni kanye nokuthuthwa komkhiqizo wamakhemikhali ovuthayo i-azobisisoheptonitrile emotweni yengozi. La makhemikhali ayingozi aqhuma ngokuzumayo futhi asha ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokukhipha, ukungqubuzana kanye nokukhishwa kokushisa enjinini, okwaholela kulesi sigameko esibuhlungu. Ngemva kwalokho, abantu abathintekayo baboshwa futhi baboshwa ngokomthetho ngokuhambisana nomthetho. NgoDisemba 2013, iNkantolo Yabantu Ephakathi yaseXinyang City, eSifundazweni saseHenan yenza isinqumo sokuqala kuleli cala lengozi, igweba abantu abathintekayo abanecala ngezijeziso ezifanayo ngamacala okufaka engozini ukuphepha komphakathi ngezindlela eziyingozi kanye nezingozi ezinkulu zecala.

Lesi sigameko sizwakalise ukukhathazeka ngokuphepha kwezokuthutha nokusetshenziswa kwe-azobisisoheptonitrile. Amabhizinisi nabasebenzi abafanele kumele balandele ngokuqinile imithetho efanele lapho besebenzisa i-azobisisoheptonitrile, baqinisekise ukuthi izimo zokuthutha nezokugcina ziyahlangabezana nezidingo, futhi bagweme ukuphinda kwenzeke kwezinhlekelele ezifanayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umphakathi kufanele futhi uthuthukise ukuqonda kwawo ngamakhemikhali ayingozi futhi uphakamise ukuqwashisa kwawo ngokuphepha.