Azobisisoheptonitrile: Zvimiro, Mashandisirwo uye Nyevero dzeKuchengetedza

Munguva pfupi yapfuura, azobisisoheptonitrile yave kuonekwa zvakare neveruzhinji. Chinhu ichi chemakemikari, chine zita rechirungu rekuti 2,2′-Azobis-(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), chinoonekwa semakristaro machena, chine poindi yekunyunguduka inotangira pa40 kusvika 70℃. Ichi chinhu chinonyunguduka mumafuta chine simba rekuita kuti zvinhu zvishande re122 KJ/mol. Chinonyunguduka muzvinhu zvinonyunguduka zvakaita semethanol, toluene neacetone, asi hachinyunguduke mumvura. Kupisa kwekuora kwemaawa gumi kwehafu yehupenyu i51℃ (mu toluene).

Azobisisoheptonitrile inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira zvinhu zvakawanda, kugadzira zvinhu zvakanyungudutswa uye kugadzira zvinhu zvine solution polymerization, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira zvinhu mumaindasitiri nekutsvaga kwesainzi. Sezvo kuora kwayo kuri kuita sekutanga, ichigadzira rudzi rumwe chete rwefree radicals isina side reactions, inogara kwenguva refu uye iri nyore kuichengeta nekutakura. Zvisinei, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti panguva yekutakura, inofanira kuiswa mufiriji uye kudzivirirwa kubva mukukweshana kwakanyanya uye kurovera, zvikasadaro inogona kukonzera kuputika.

Tichiyeuka mangwanani-ngwanani emusi wa22 Chikunguru 2011, bhazi remotokari rine denga repamusoro raifamba kubva kuWeihai, Shandong kuenda kuChangsha, Hunan paBeijing-Zhuhai Expressway rakangoerekana rabatira moto. Moto wacho waipisa zvekuti wakapisa bhazi racho risina chinhu. Njodzi iyi yakauraya vanhu 41 ikakuvadza vanhu 6, uye munhu mumwe chete akakuvara zvakanyanya. Mushure mekuferefeta, chikonzero chetsaona iyi kwaive kutakurwa zvisiri pamutemo uye kutakurwa kwemushonga wemakemikari unobvira azobisisoheptonitrile pamotokari yetsaona. Makemikari aya ane njodzi akangoerekana aputika ndokutsva nekuda kwezvinhu zvakaita sekubuda, kukweshana uye kuburitswa kwekupisa kubva muinjini, zvichikonzera chiitiko ichi chinosuwisa. Mushure mezvo, vanhu vane mhosva vakasungwa uye vakasungwa nemhosva zvichienderana nemutemo. Muna Zvita 2013, Dare reVanhu repakati peXinyang City, Henan Province rakapa mutongo wekutanga panyaya iyi yetsaona, richipa vanhu vane mhosva mitongo inoenderana nemhosva dzekuisa njodzi kuchengetedzeka kwevanhu nenzira dzine njodzi uye tsaona huru.

Chiitiko ichi charatidza kuchengetedzeka kwekutakurwa nekushandiswa kweazobisisoheptonitrile. Makambani nevashandi vakakodzera vanofanirwa kutevedzera mitemo yakakodzera pavanenge vachishandisa azobisisoheptonitrile, kuona kuti mamiriro ekutakurwa nekuchengetwa anoenderana nezvinodiwa, uye kudzivirira kudzokorora kwematambudziko akafanana. Panguva imwe chete, veruzhinji vanofanirawo kuwedzera kunzwisisa kwavo nezvemakemikari ane njodzi uye kusimudzira ruzivo rwavo nezvekuchengetedzwa.