Nyob rau hauv kev txhim kho niaj hnub no ntawm ntau qhov chaw xws li cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb thiab biomedicine, chitosan, ua ib qho khoom siv ntuj tsim tshwj xeeb, qhia txog kev siv dav heev nrog nws cov khoom zoo heev thiab ntau yam haujlwm. Chitosan, ib yam khoom polysaccharide rho tawm los ntawm lub plhaub ntawm crustaceans xws li cws thiab crabs, muaj ntau yam khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg thiab lub cev tshwj xeeb, yog li tso lub hauv paus ruaj khov rau nws daim ntawv thov hauv ntau qhov chaw. I. Lub Peev Xwm Tsis Muaj Kev Txwv hauv Kev Kho Mob Hauv kev kho mob, kev siv chitosan pom tseeb heev. Nws muaj kev sib raug zoo zoo heev thiab biodegradability, uas ua rau nws yog ib qho khoom siv kho mob zoo tagnrho. 1. Kev Cia Siab Tshiab rau Kev Kho Mob Qhov Ncauj - Hauv kev kho qhov ncauj, chitosan qhia txog qhov zoo tshwj xeeb. Nws tuaj yeem tsim ib puag ncig me me uas ua rau lub hlwb tsiv teb tsaws chaw thiab loj hlob, ua kom cov txheej txheem kho qhov ncauj sai dua. Ntxiv mus, chitosan muaj qee yam kev ua haujlwm antibacterial thiab tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob feem ntau ntawm qhov ncauj, xws li Staphylococcus aureus thiab Escherichia coli. Tam sim no, qee cov tshuaj chitosan uas siv rau qhov txhab tau nkag mus rau theem sim tshuaj thiab xav tias yuav ua rau cov neeg mob uas muaj qhov txhab ntev, kub hnyiab, thiab lwm yam zoo dua. 2. Kev Tsim Kho Tshiab Hauv Cov Txheej Txheem Xa Tshuaj - Chitosan kuj muaj peev xwm zoo hauv kev xa tshuaj. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau hauv nanoparticles lossis microspheres los qhwv ntau yam tshuaj. Cov chitosan no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov tshuaj los ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov enzymes hauv lub cev thiab tuaj yeem ua tiav kev tso tawm tshuaj hauv cov chaw tshwj xeeb. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau cov teb uas xav tau kev xa tshuaj kom raug, xws li kev kho mob qog noj ntshav thiab kev kho mob plawv. Piv txwv li, hauv kev xa cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qog noj ntshav, chitosan nanoparticle carriers tuaj yeem thauj cov tshuaj mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg qog, ua rau cov tshuaj ntau ntxiv ntawm qhov chaw qog noj ntshav thaum txo cov kev phiv rau cov ntaub so ntswg ib txwm muaj. II. Lub Hnub Qub Nce Hauv Kev Lag Luam Khoom Noj 1. Kev Khaws Khoom Noj Thiab Ntim Khoom Noj - Hauv kev lag luam khoom noj, chitosan tab tom tshwm sim. Vim nws cov khoom tua kab mob thiab lub peev xwm los tsim cov zaj duab xis noj tau, nws tuaj yeem siv rau kev khaws khoom noj thiab ntim khoom. Cov yeeb yaj kiab Chitosan tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev nkag mus ntawm cov pa oxygen, dej noo, thiab cov kab mob me me, ua rau lub neej txee ntawm cov khoom noj ntev dua. Piv txwv li, rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab thiab cov khoom nqaij, kev siv cov ntim chitosan tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj thiab kev puas tsuaj thiab txo cov khoom noj poob. 2. Cov Khoom Noj Ntxiv Ua Haujlwm - Chitosan kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv ua cov khoom noj ntxiv ua haujlwm. Nws muaj cov haujlwm ntawm kev tswj cov roj ntshav thiab txo cov roj cholesterol thiab xav tias yuav tsim los ua ib hom khoom noj khoom haus tshiab. Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias chitosan tuaj yeem khi rau cov rog thiab cov roj cholesterol hauv txoj hnyuv, tiv thaiv lawv kom tsis txhob nqus los ntawm lub cev tib neeg, yog li ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub plawv. III. Tus Pabcuam Muaj Peev Xwm Hauv Kev Tiv Thaiv Ib puag ncig 1. Kev Kho Dej Khib Nyhiab - Hauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, chitosan qhia txog kev muaj peev xwm zoo kawg nkaus hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab. Nws tuaj yeem nqus cov hlau hnyav xws li txhuas, mercury, thiab cadmium hauv cov dej khib nyiab thiab tseem tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov pa phem hauv cov dej khib nyiab. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus adsorption yog raws li kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov pab pawg ua haujlwm xws li amino thiab hydroxyl pawg ntawm cov molecule chitosan thiab cov pa phem. Nrog rau qhov yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv ib puag ncig uas nruj zuj zus, kev siv chitosan hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab hauv kev lag luam yuav tsum tau txhawb nqa ntxiv. 2. Kev Txhim Kho Av - Chitosan kuj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau av. Nws tuaj yeem txhim kho dej - thiab - chiv - khaws cia peev xwm ntawm av, txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob hauv av, thiab txhim kho cov qauv av. Hauv qee qhov kev kho av uas muaj kuab paug, chitosan tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv av, txo lawv cov bio - muaj, yog li rov qab ua kom av zoo. Txawm hais tias kev cia siab ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm chitosan yog dav heev, nws tseem ntsib qee qhov teeb meem tam sim no. Piv txwv li, tus nqi rho tawm ntawm chitosan yog qhov siab heev, thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm nws cov khoom lag luam loj - xav tau kev txhim kho ntxiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv qee qhov kev siv, kev ruaj khov ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm chitosan yuav tsum tau txhim kho ntxiv. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis thiab kev tshawb fawb tob tob, ntau lub koom haum tshawb fawb thiab cov tuam txhab lag luam tab tom tshawb nrhiav lub peev xwm ntawm chitosan. Ib tug kws tshaj lij hais tias: "Peb ntseeg tias ob peb xyoos tom ntej no, nrog kev tshawb pom tshiab hauv thev naus laus zis, chitosan yuav raug siv rau ntau qhov chaw, coj kev hloov pauv loj heev rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv, zaub mov, ib puag ncig, thiab lwm yam." Chitosan, nrog nws cov txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb hauv kev kho mob, kev lag luam zaub mov, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab lwm yam teb, yog qhov tsis ntseeg tias yog cov khoom siv ntuj tsim nrog lub peev xwm loj hlob zoo, thiab nws cov kev cia siab rau daim ntawv thov muaj ntau yam tsis kawg.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Hli-09-2024
