Kutshanje, i-1,4-butanediol (BDO) ibe yingxoxo eshushu kwicandelo leekhemikhali. Njengezinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiikhemikhali eziphilayo, ifaka amandla amatsha kumashishini amaninzi aneentlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo zayo, nto leyo eqhuba uphuhliso olunamandla lwekhonkco elikhulu leemveliso.
Kwimigca yemveliso yeemveliso zepolyester, i-1,4-butanediol ibonisa ixabiso elingenakutshintshwa. Ukwenziwa kwe-polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) kuxhomekeke kakhulu kuyo. I-PBT, njengeplastiki yobunjineli be-polyester esebenza kakhulu, ineempawu ezibalaseleyo zoomatshini, ukumelana nokugqwala kweekhemikhali, kunye nobushushu obuhle bombane kunye nozinzo oluphezulu. Okwangoku, ishishini le-elektroniki kunye nezixhobo zombane likhula ngokukhawuleza, kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zasekhaya ezikrelekrele kunye nezixhobo ze-elektroniki ezichanekileyo ezivela rhoqo. Iindlu kunye nezihlanganisi zezixhobo zombane ezenziwe ngezinto ze-PBT aziqinisekisi nje kuphela ukhuseleko kunye nozinzo lwezixhobo kodwa zikwanika iimveliso inkangeleko entle nehlala ixesha elide, nto leyo ekhokelela kwimfuno ephezulu yemarike. Ishishini lemveliso yeemoto likwabonisa ukhetho olukhulu lwe-PBT. Izixhobo ezifana neziphatho zeengcango zemoto kunye neebhampa ezenziwe nge-PBT zinokumelana nokuwohloka kweemeko zendlela ezinzima ngelixa ziphucula ubume besithuthi ngokubanzi.
Kwiiworkshops zemveliso ye-thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), i-1,4-butanediol ikwalilungu eliphambili. I-TPU idibanisa ukuthamba okuphezulu kwerabha kunye nokulula kokuyicubungula kweplastiki, kwaye iimveliso zayo ezigqityiweyo azigugi, azinawo amafutha, kwaye azinakubanda. Ukususela kwiintende zezihlangu zemidlalo zemihla ngemihla, ezibonelela ngenkxaso ekhululekileyo nehlala ixesha elide kubathandi bezemidlalo, ukuya kwiipayipi, ucingo kunye neeshelufu zekhebula kwiimeko zoshishino, zikhusela ukhuseleko lokudluliselwa kwamandla kunye nokuthuthwa kwezinto, kwaye emva koko ukuya kwiibhanti zokuhambisa izithuthi zoshishino ezihamba ngesantya esiphezulu, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle komgca wemveliso, i-TPU ifumaneka kuyo yonke indawo, kwaye sisiseko sokusebenza esibekwe yi-1,4-butanediol esenza kube nokwenzeka.
Amashishini okugquma, i-inki, kunye nokuprinta kunye nokudaya nawo atshintshe izinto ezintsha kutshanje ngenxa ye-1,4-butanediol. I-γ-butyrolactone eveliswa kuyo inendawo yokubila ephezulu kunye nokunyibilika okugqwesileyo, ekwaziyo ukunyibilikisa ngokulula iikhompawundi ezahlukeneyo ze-organic kunye neepolymers, okwenza imibala yokugquma ifane ngakumbi, ukunamathela kwee-inki kube namandla, kunye neepateni zokuprinta kunye nokudaya zicace ngakumbi kwaye zicace ngakumbi, zinegalelo ekuphuculweni kweshishini leekhemikhali zemveli. Ngaphezu koko, njengezinto zokuqala zokwenziwa kweziqholo kunye nezinto ezidityanisiweyo zamayeza, i-γ-butyrolactone ivula ngokuzolileyo ucango olutsha lophando kunye nophuhliso lweekhemikhali ezintle, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba ivelise iimveliso ezintsha eziza kuqaliswa kwimarike.
Phantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu lweshishini leebhetri ze-lithium, i-N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), ephuma kwi-1,4-butanediol, itsale ingqalelo enkulu. Njenge-solvent ye-polar aprotic, i-NMP yoyisile ingxaki yokunyibilika okungekuhle kwezinto ze-electrode zebhetri ye-lithium, iququzelela ukuxubana okufanayo kwezinto ezincamathelayo kunye nezinto ezisebenzayo. Liqhawe elingadunyiswanga emva kokuphuculwa kokusebenza kunye nomgangatho weebhetri ze-lithium, lixhasa ngamandla i-mileage entsha yamashishini afana nezithuthi zamandla ezintsha kunye nezixhobo zokugcina amandla.
Kwimida yefashoni kunye nempahla, i-tetrahydrofuran (THF) eyenziwe ngokubandakanyeka kwe-1,4-butanediol iguqulwa ngakumbi ibe yi-polytetrahydrofuran (PTMEG), eba yinto eluhlaza yeefayibha ze-spandex kunye ne-polyurethane elastomers. Oku kwenza iimpahla zemidlalo kunye nefashoni ephezulu zivumelane ngakumbi neegophe zomzimba womntu, kudibanisa intuthuzelo kunye nemvakalelo yefashoni, kunye nokunika amalaphu amandla aphezulu kunye nokuguquguquka okungazange kubonwe ngaphambili.
Kwicandelo lophando nophuhliso lwamayeza, i-1,4-butanediol isebenza ngokuzolileyo njenge "qhawe elingadunyiswanga". Njengesixhobo esiphambili samayeza, ithatha inxaxheba kumanyathelo okwenziwa okuntsonkothileyo kwamanye amayeza e-steroid kunye nee-antibiotics. Ifana neebhloko zokwakha ezibuthathaka zokwakha isakhiwo se-molecular, inceda abaphandi ukuba bayile izakhiwo zamayeza ezisebenzayo ngakumbi kwaye banike izixhobo zokoyisa izifo ezinzima.
Ngokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kwetekhnoloji kunye nokuhlolwa okunzulu kwemfuno yemarike, ishishini le-1,4-butanediol kulindeleke ukuba liqhubeke nokukhula, kunye namashishini asezantsi naphezulu esebenzisana kwizinto ezintsha kwaye avela kwiindawo ezintsha, ebhala isahluko esitsha esimangalisayo kushishino lweekhemikhali.
Ixesha leposi: Jan-08-2025
