Munguva pfupi yapfuura, 1,4-butanediol (BDO) yave nyaya inonyanya kufarirwa munyaya dzemakemikari. Sechinhu chakakosha chemakemikari eorganic, iri kuisa simba idzva mumaindasitiri akawanda ane mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana, zvichikonzera kukura kwakasimba kweketani huru yemaindasitiri.
Pakugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvepolyester, 1,4-butanediol inoratidza kukosha kusingatsiviwi. Kugadzirwa kwepolybutylene terephthalate (PBT) kunonyanya kutsamira pairi. PBT, sepurasitiki yepolyester inogadzira thermoplastic ine simba guru, ine hunhu hwakanaka hwemakanika, inodzivirira ngura yemakemikari, uye inochengetedza magetsi zvakanaka uye kugadzikana kwezvikamu. Parizvino, indasitiri yezvemagetsi nemidziyo yemagetsi iri kukura nekukurumidza, nemidziyo yakasiyana-siyana yepamba yakangwara uye michina yemagetsi chaiyo iri kubuda nguva dzose. Magadziko emidziyo yemagetsi nezvinongedzo zvakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvePBT hazvingovimbisi chete kuchengetedzeka uye kugadzikana kwemidziyo asiwo zvinopa zvigadzirwa chitarisiko chakanaka uye chinogara kwenguva refu, zvichikonzera kudiwa kukuru kwemusika. Indasitiri yekugadzira mota inoratidzawo kufarira kukuru kwePBT. Zvikamu zvakaita semibato yemasuo emotokari nemabumpers akagadzirwa nePBT zvinogona kutsungirira kuora kwemamiriro emugwagwa akaoma uku zvichivandudza magadzirirwo emotokari.
Mumaworkshop ekugadzira thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), 1,4-butanediol inhengo inokoshawo. TPU inosanganisa kusimba kwakanyanya kwerabha nekugona kwayo kugadzikiswa zviri nyore kwepurasitiki, uye zvigadzirwa zvayo zvakapedzwa hazvipfeki, hazvipise mafuta, uye hazvitonhori. Kubva pasi peshangu dzemitambo dzezuva nezuva, dzinopa rutsigiro rwakasununguka uye runogara kwenguva refu kune vanofarira mitambo, kusvika kumapaipi, waya netambo mumaindasitiri, zvichichengetedza kuchengetedzeka kwekutakurwa kwesimba uye kutakurwa kwezvinhu, uye zvakare kusvika kumabhande ekufambisa eindasitiri anomhanya nekukurumidza, zvichiita kuti mutsetse wekugadzira ushande zvakanaka, TPU inowanikwa kwose kwose, uye ndiyo hwaro hwekushanda hwakaiswa ne1,4-butanediol inoita kuti zvikwanisike.
Maindasitiri ekupeta, inki, uye ekudhinda nekudhaya akachinjawo zvinhu zvitsva munguva pfupi yapfuura nekuda kwe1,4-butanediol. Iyo γ-butyrolactone inogadzirwa kubva mairi ine poindi yakawanda yekufashaira uye inonyungudika zvakanaka, inokwanisa kunyungudutsa zviri nyore makemikari akasiyana-siyana eorganic nemapolymers, zvichiita kuti mavara ekupeta ave akafanana, kubatana kweinki kwakasimba, uye mapatani ekudhinda nekudhaya ave akajeka uye akajeka, zvichibatsira mukusimudzira indasitiri yemakemikari yechinyakare. Uyezve, senzira yekutanga yekugadzira zvinonhuwira uye mishonga, γ-butyrolactone iri kuvhura chinyararire musuwo mutsva wekutsvagisa nekugadzira makemikari akanaka, uye inotarisirwa kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvitsva zvichaburitswa pamusika.
Pasi pesimba riri kukura reindasitiri yemabhatiri e lithium, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), iyo inobva pa1,4-butanediol, yakakwezva vanhu vakawanda. Semushonga we polar aprotic solvent, NMP yakakunda dambudziko rekunyungudika kusina kunaka kwezvinhu zve lithium battery electrode, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kusanganisa ma binders nezvinhu zvinoshanda. Ndiyo gamba risingazivikanwe riri shure kwekuvandudzwa kwekushanda uye mhando yemabhatiri e lithium, richitsigira zvakanyanya mileage itsva yemaindasitiri akadai semotokari itsva dzesimba nemidziyo yekuchengetedza simba.
Pamuganhu wefashoni nemachira, tetrahydrofuran (THF) yakagadzirwa ne1,4-butanediol inoshandurwa kuita polytetrahydrofuran (PTMEG), iyo inova chinhu chekugadzira spandex fibers uye polyurethane elastomers. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvipfeko zvemitambo nefashoni yepamusoro zvienderane nemakumbo emuviri wemunhu, zvichibatanidza nyaradzo nepfungwa yemafashoni, uye zvichipa machira emhando yepamusoro uye anochinjika zvisina kumboitika.
Munyaya yekutsvagisa nekugadzira mishonga, 1,4-butanediol inoshanda chinyararire se "gamba risingazivikanwe". Semubatsiri mukuru wemishonga, inobatawo mumatanho akaomarara ekugadzira mimwe mishonga ye steroid nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Yakafanana nematombo ekuvaka akapfava ekuvaka chivakwa chemamorekuru, ichibatsira vaongorori kugadzira zvivakwa zvemishonga zvinoshanda uye kupa zvombo zvekukunda zvirwere zvakaoma.
Nekuvandudzika kuri kuramba kuchiitwa tekinoroji uye kutsvaga zvakadzama kudiwa kwemusika, indasitiri ye1,4-butanediol inotarisirwa kuramba ichikura, maindasitiri ari kumusoro neari pasi achibatsirana mukugadzira zvinhu zvitsva uye ari kubuda muminda iri kusimukira, zvichinyora chitsauko chitsva chakanaka muindasitiri yemakemikari.
Nguva yekutumira: Ndira-08-2025
