Panguva iyo nyika iri kushanda nesimba mukusimudzira budiriro inoenderera mberi uye ichiedza nepese painogona napo kuzadzisa zvinangwa zve "dual carbon", furandiformic acid (FDCA) yabuda senyeredzi itsva inoshamisa mumunda wezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nebio, ichitivhurira musuwo mutsva weramangwana regirini.
Furanediformic acid, sechinhu chichena chakasimba, inonyungudika mumvura uye mune zvinonyungudutsa zvakaita sealcohols nema esters. Inokwanisa kuora, kunzwa kwakasimba uye kugadzikana kwakanaka kwemakemikari. Haisi kemikari yakanaka chete, asiwo imwe yezvikamu zvakakosha zvekuvaka mashandiro epamusoro uye zvinhu zvepolymer zvine kukosha kwakanyanya. Kushanda kwayo kwakanaka muminda yakawanda yakakosha ndiko kugara ichinyora patsva maitiro ekuvandudza indasitiri uye kuunza mikana neshanduko zvisati zvamboitika kuzvikamu zvakawanda.
Kubva pakuona kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, furanediformic acid ine zvakanakira zvisingaenzaniswi. Kugadzirwa kwepolyester yechinyakare kunonyanya kutsamira pazvinhu zve petrochemical, zvakaita se terephthalic acid (PTA). Maitiro ese ekugadzira haangoshandisi huwandu hwakawanda hwezviwanikwa zve petroleum zvisingadzoreki chete asiwo anoburitsa huwandu hwakawanda hwecarbon emissions, zvichiisa mutoro mukuru panharaunda yezvakatipoteredza. Kuzvarwa kwefuranediformic acid kwakaputsa zvachose dambudziko iri. Inoshandisa renewable biomass sezvinhu zvisina kugayiwa, ichideredza kuvimba nemafuta anobva kunobva uye ichideredza zvakanyanya kuburitswa kwecarbon. Sekureva kwehuwandu hwedata rehunyanzvi, zvinhu zve polyethylene glycol 2, 5-furanediformate (PEF) zvakagadzirwa kubva ku furanediformic acid zvinogona kuderedza zvakanyanya "carbon footprint" muhupenyu hwavo hwese zvichienzaniswa nezvinhu zvePET zvechinyakare, zvichipinza simba rakasimba mukukura kwegirinhi uye kunoenderera mberi kwePasi. Hunhu uhwu hunoita kuti furandiformic acid ive chinhu chinofarirwa nemabhizinesi mazhinji mukutsvaga kwavo shanduko yekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, zvichikurudzira zvinobudirira shanduko yakadzama yemaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana kuenda kumamodeli ekugadzira green. Panyaya yekushanda, furanediformic acid inoshamisawo. Ine chimiro chemolecular chakafanana nechekare chemonomer terephthalic acid (PTA), zvese zvine hunhu hwe cyclic conjugated system uye zvese zvine mapoka maviri e hydroxyl, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive zvakafanana zvakanyanya muhunhu hwepanyama uye hwemakemikari. Zvisinei, furan ring ye furanediformic acid chimiro che heterocyclic, uye chimiro ichi chakasiyana chinoipa hunhu hwekuva nyore kuora kupfuura benzene ring. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuburikidza ne polymerization reactions nema monomers akadai se diols ne diamines, furanediformic acid inogona kushandiswa kugadzira polyester yepamusoro-soro, polyamide nezvimwe zvinhu zvitsva zve polymer zvakagadzirwa ne bio-based zvine aromatic compounds. Tora PEF zvinhu semuenzaniso. Hunhu hwayo hwekudzivirira magasi akasiyana hwakasimba kupfuura hwezvinhu zvePET zvechinyakare. Panguva imwe chete, ine simba repamusoro remakanika uye inogona kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvekurongedza zvine ukobvu hwakatetepa hwemadziro. Izvi hazvingobatsiri chete mashandiro echigadzirwa, asiwo zvinoderedza kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvekurongedza, zvichizadzisa zvinangwa zviviri zvekuvandudza mashandiro uye kuchengetedza zviwanikwa. Minda yakakura yekushandisa furanediformic acid inoenderera mberi ichiratidza kukosha kwayo kukuru pamusika. Mumunda wezvinhu zvekurongedza, zvinhu zvePEF, zvine hunhu hwazvo hwekudzivirira gasi uye simba remuchina, zvinogona kuchengetedza zviri muchikafu, mishonga, nezvimwewo, kuwedzera nguva yazvo, uye panguva imwe chete kuderedza kugadzirwa kwemarara ekurongedza, zvichiunza mhinduro itsva kuindasitiri yekurongedza yakasvibirira. Mumunda wefibers dzemachira, zvinhu zvefiber zvinobva kufuranediformic acid zvine simba guru, modulus yakakwira uye kuramba ngura kwemakemikari kwakanaka. Zvinogona kushandiswa zvakanyanya muzvigadzirwa zvemachira zvepamusoro pamwe nemuminda yakakosha senge maindasitiri nekudzivirira nyika, zvichiwedzera zvakanyanya kunaka uye mashandiro ezvigadzirwa. Pamusoro pezvo, furanediformic acid yakaratidza mikana yakakura yekushandisa muminda yakawanda senge kurongedza mishonga, mapurasitiki einjiniya, nylon, machira, uye mapurasitiki, uye zvishoma nezvishoma iri kuva simba guru rinosimudzira kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji uye kuvandudzwa kwechigadzirwa mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana.
Nekuwedzera kuri kuramba kuchiitika kwekutarisa kwepasi rose kubudiriro inoenderera mberi uye kudiwa kuri kuwedzera kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nebio, mikana yemusika yefurandiformic acid yakajeka zvikuru. Sekureva kwemasangano ane hunyanzvi, panosvika 2027, saizi yemusika weFDCA inotarisirwa kudarika matani miriyoni imwe, ine mukana mukuru wemusika. Parizvino, mabhizinesi mazhinji anozivikanwa emuno nekunze ari kushanda nesimba muindasitiri yefuranediformic acid, achiwedzera mari mukutsvaga nekuvandudza uye kuvaka kugona. Semuenzaniso, sekambani inotungamira mumunda wepasi rose wezvinhu zvinonhuhwirira zvakagadzirwa nebio, Lifu Bio, mushure memakore anopfuura gumi ekutsvaga nekuvandudza, yakabudirira kuongorora maitiro akasiyana epasi rose e "Biomass glucose HMF FDCA", ichisiya kuvimba kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nebio zvakabva kufuran pane fructose inobva kuzviyo. Muna 2022, yakabudirira kutanga mutsetse wekutanga weFDCA we1,000-ton, uye muna Gunyana 2024, yakatanga kuvaka mutsetse wekutanga weFDCA we10,000-ton. Nekuwedzera kwehukuru uye kuvandudzwa kwemhando kunoramba kuripo, inotungamira mafambiro ekusimudzira indasitiri yeFuran bio-based. Panguva iyi, timu kubva kuEast China University of Science and Technology iri kuitawo tsvakiridzo pachirongwa che "Biomass Conversion to Plastic Monomer - Furanediformic acid". Nekugadzira zvinhu zvitsva zvinokonzeresa kugadzirwa, vakagadzira nzira inoenderera mberi yekugadzira kubva kuglucose kuenda ku2, 5-furanediformic acid, zvichikurudzira kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji yefuranediformic acid uye kusimudzira indasitiri.
Furandiformic acid, sechigadzirwa chikuru mumunda wezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nebio-based, iri kutungamira maindasitiri akasiyana-siyana kunguva itsva yekuvandudzwa kwezvirimwa uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza nekushanda kwayo kwakanaka, hunhu hwayo hwakanaka hwemuviri nemakemikari, uye mikana yakawanda yekushandisa. Haingopi mabhizinesi mukana wakanaka wekushandura kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza nekuvandudza zvigadzirwa, asiwo inopa hwaro hwakasimba hwezvinhu kuti tidzivirire pamwe chete musha wedu wePasi uye tigadzire ramangwana rakajeka. Ngatibatanei maoko uye tigamuchire furanediformic acid, tariro itsva iyi yeramangwana rakasvibirira, nechido, uye pamwe chete tigadzire mangwana akasvibirira uye anobudirira!
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-09-2025
