Ethyl silicate: ihe anwansi n'ọhịa ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe

N'ụwa sara mbara nke ihe ndị e ji emepụta ihe, ethyl silicate pụtara ìhè dị ka kpakpando na-egbuke egbuke, na-eweta ihe ọhụrụ na ọganihu n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ nwere njirimara pụrụ iche ya na ọtụtụ ojiji dị iche iche. Ethyl silicate bụ mmiri mmiri na-enweghị agba na nke na-apụta ìhè na okpomọkụ ụlọ ma nwee isi pụrụ iche. N'ebe mmiri na-adịghị, ọ kwụsiri ike ma bụrụ nke a pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi. Agbanyeghị, ozugbo ọ banyere na mmiri, ọ ga-agbaze nke ọma ka ọ bụrụ ethanol na silicic acid, wee jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ ghọọ turbid na ikuku mmiri. Ihe onwunwe a magburu onwe ya na-enyere ya aka ịrụ ọrụ dị mkpa na ọtụtụ mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ na nkwadebe ihe. Ọ na-agbaze ngwa ngwa na ihe mgbaze organic dị ka mmanya na ether, yana usoro molekul nke, ebe agbaze dị ala dị ka, na ebe esi mmiri nke. Site n'echiche nke usoro nkwadebe, a na-enweta ya nke ọma site na distillation mgbe mmekọrịta dị n'etiti silicon tetrachloride na ethanol anhydrous. Usoro nkwadebe siri ike a na-eme ka mma na nkwụsi ike nke ethyl silicate dị elu. Na ngwa bara uru, a pụrụ iwere ethyl silicate dị ka "ihe kacha mma n'ahịa niile". N'ọhịa nke mkpuchi, ọ bụ isi ihe eji emepụta mkpuchi na-eguzogide okpomọkụ na nke na-eguzogide kemịkalụ. Na Japan, a na-eji ihe ruru 90% nke ethyl silicate eme ihe dị ka ihe ndabere maka mkpuchi mgbochi ire ere (agba nwere zinc). Mgbe a fesasịrị ya, otu alkoxy dị na nhazi molekul ya nwere ike ịmịkọrọ mmiri site na ikuku ma nweta mmeghachi omume hydrolysis, na-ejikọ ma na-agwọ ya iji mepụta polymers siloxane dị elu, nke na-ewulite ihe mgbochi nchebe siri ike maka mkpuchi ahụ. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ntụ zinc dị na mkpuchi ahụ na-arụ ọrụ nchebe electrochemical. Ngwaahịa nchara na-ejupụta oghere nke ihe mkpuchi ahụ, na-egbochi mbuze nke mgbasa ozi na-emerụ ahụ, na-enye ihe mkpuchi ahụ ohere ịnọgide na-enwe ezigbo ọnọdụ ruo ogologo oge ọbụlagodi na gburugburu ebe siri ike. A na-eji ya eme ihe nke ukwuu na iwu ụgbọ mmiri, petrochemicals, ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri na ubi ndị ọzọ. Na ụlọ ọrụ nhazi ziri ezi, ethyl silicate dị oke mkpa karịa. Dịka ihe njikọ maka ebu ájá, ọ nwere ike ịmepụta ihe nwere ikike njikọ siri ike mgbe hydrolysis gasịrị. Mgbe agwakọtara ya na ihe ndị na-anaghị emegharị ahụ maka ọgwụgwọ nke ájá ịkpụzi ihe, mgbe ọ kpọchara nkụ, a na-emepụta ihe nkiri na-eguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu ma dị mma nke na-emebi ihe n'elu ájá ịkpụzi ihe, na-eme ka elu nke ihe nkedo ahụ dị nro ma na-eme ka nha ya dị elu nke ukwuu. Ọ dabara nke ọma maka imepụta akụkụ ziri ezi na mbara igwe na mpaghara ndị ọzọ. Ọ bụghị naanị nke ahụ, enwere ike iji ethyl silicate dị ka ihe mkpuchi na ụlọ ọrụ eletrọnịkị, na-enye nkwa maka ọrụ kwụsiri ike nke ngwa eletrọnịkị. A na-eji ya ahazi iko anya, nke nwere ike ime ka nnyefe ìhè ya dịkwuo elu ma nye ngwa anya "ebe a na-ahụ anya" nke ọma. Ntụ silica dị oke mma nke a na-emepụta mgbe hydrolysis zuru oke ka bụ ihe dị mkpa maka imepụta phosphorus. Enwere ike iji ya na njikọ organic iji kwadebe ihe mgbaze silicone ma bụrụ ihe dị mkpa maka mmanụ silicone, na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ụwa nke ihe silicone. Ịhọrọ ethyl silicate pụtara ịhọrọ ngwọta ụlọ ọrụ dị elu na nke dị elu. Ma ọ bụ ime ka arụmọrụ nchekwa na izi ezi nke ngwaahịa gị ka mma ma ọ bụ ịgbasa ebe eji ihe eme ihe, ethyl silicate nwere ike itinye mkpali siri ike na mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ gị, na-enyere gị aka ịpụta ìhè n'ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ma mepụta ọtụtụ ohere!