Tlhahlobo ea morao tjena ea 'maraka le nts'etsopele ea indasteri li totobatsa ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho ntseng ho hola ho sulfolane, e leng solvent ea polar aprotic e sebetsang hantle, ha makala a tlohang ho lik'hemik'hale tsa peterole ho ea ho meriana a batla thepa e sebetsang hantle le e lumellanang le tikoloho. Ka motsoako oa eona o ikhethang oa botsitso ba mocheso, ho qhibiliha ho hoholo, le chefo e tlase, sulfolane e hlaha e le mohloli oa bohlokoa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse behang pele lipheo tsa katleho ea ts'ebetso le botsitso.

Lekala la Petrochemical le etella pele ho amohelwa ha ts'ebetso ea khase ea tlhaho

Indasteri ea peterole e ntse e le moreki e moholo ka ho fetisisa oa sulfolane, haholo-holo e sebelisa bokhoni ba eona bo matla ba ho arola metsoako ea sebabole ho khase ea tlhaho le melapo ea feme ea ho hloekisa. Ha melaoana ea lefats'e mabapi le mesi e ntšang sebabole—e reretsoeng ho fokotsa tšilafalo ea moea le ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea boemo ba leholimo—e ntse e thatafala le ho feta, basebetsi ba ntse ba retelehela lits'ebetsong tsa ho ntša tse thehiloeng ho sulfolane ho fihlela meeli e thata ea sebabole bakeng sa mafura le khase ea tlhaho.

Ho fapana le dihlahiswa tsa setso, sulfolane e boloka tshebetso e tsitsitseng mochesong o phahameng (ho fihlela ho 285°C) mme e hanela ho senyeha, e fokotsa tlhoko ya ho nkela dihlahiswa sebaka kgafetsa le ho fokotsa ditjeo tsa tshebetso ka kakaretso. Ditlaleho tsa indasteri di hlokomela hore difeme tsa ho hlwekisa le difeme tsa ho sebetsana le kgase ya tlhaho dibakeng tse nang le maemo a thata a mosi o tswang dihlahisweng di potlakisitse matsete diyuniting tsa ho tlosa dihlahiswa tse kgannwang ke sulfolane dikgweding tse 12 tse fetileng, e leng mokgwa o lebelletsweng ho tswela pele ho fihlela ka 2026.

Liindasteri tsa Meriana le Lik'hemik'hale tse Hloekileng li Atolosa Tšebeliso

Kantle ho lik'hemik'hale tsa petrochemical, makala a meriana le lik'hemik'hale tse ntle a ntse a atolosa tšebeliso ea 'ona ea sulfolane e le sesebelisoa sa karabelo le tharollo ea ho ntša metsi. Bokhoni ba eona ba ho qhala metsoako ea polar le e seng polar bo etsa hore e be e loketseng ho kopanya metsoako e sebetsang ea meriana (API) le lik'hemik'hale tse khethehileng, moo ho nepahala le bohloeki li leng bohlokoa haholo.

Tsoelo-pele ea morao tjena ea tekheniki le eona e rarollotse matšoenyeho a nalane mabapi le ho hlaphoheloa ha li-solvent, ka mahlale a macha a ho qhibilihisa le ho hloekisa a nolofalletsang sulfolane ho sebelisoa hape ka sekhahla se fetang 95% tlhahisong ea meriana. Sena ha se fokotse litšila feela empa se boetse se tsamaisana le ho sutumelletsa indasteri mekhoa ea moruo o chitja, e leng se etsang hore ho be le ho amoheloa ho eketsehileng.

Tsepamisa maikutlo tlhahisong e tsitsitseng le ho potoloha

Ha tlhoko e ntse e eketseha, tlhokomelo e ntse e fetela tlhahisong e tsitsitseng ea sulfolane ka boeona. Bahlahisi ba ntse ba hlahloba li-feedstock tse thehiloeng linthong tsa tlhaho le litsela tsa tlhahiso e bolokang matla ho fokotsa khabone e bakoang ke tlhahiso ea sulfolane, ka merero ea pele ea liteko e bonts'ang phokotso e ka bang teng ea 20% mesi e hlahisoang ke likhase tse futhumatsang lefatše ha e bapisoa le mekhoa ea setso.

Ho phaella moo, tshebedisano mmoho ya indasteri e ntse e tswela pele ho ntshetsa pele ditataiso tse tloaelehileng bakeng sa ho ntjhafatsa sulfolane ho pholletsa le makala, ka sepheo sa ho theha mokgwa o kopaneng haholoanyane wa ho fokotsa matlakala a solfolane. Maiteko ana a tshehetswa ke mekgatlo ya taolo e lemohang tshusumetso e tlase ya tikoloho ya sulfolane ha e laolwa hantle, e e beha e le mokhoa o kgethwang ho feta disolfolane tse kotsi haholo.

Tebello: Kgolo e Tsitsitseng e Tswang Pele ke Taolo le Ntjhafatso

Liponelopele tsa 'maraka li bontša hore tlhoko ea lefats'e ea sulfolane e tla hola ka sekhahla sa selemo le selemo sa 4.5% lilemong tse hlano tse tlang, e susumetsoang ke melaoana e tsoelang pele ea mosi o tsoang, tsoelo-pele tlhahisong ea meriana, le katoloso ea meralo ea motheo ea ts'ebetso ea khase ea tlhaho. Litsebi li hatisa hore ho tenyetseha ha sulfolane—hammoho le ho lumellana ha eona le mekhoa e tsitsitseng—ho tla e boloka e le ka pele ho likhetho tsa li-solvent tsa indasteri lilemong tse tlang.

“Ha liindasteri li ntse li sebetsana le liphephetso tse peli tsa ho ntlafatsa bokhoni le ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea tikoloho, li-solvent tse kang sulfolane ha e sa le lisebelisoa tsa ts'ebetso feela—ke matlotlo a maano,” ho boletse 'muelli oa mokhatlo o ka sehloohong oa indasteri. “Boqapi bo tsoelang pele ba mokhoa oo re hlahisang, re sebelisang le ho sebelisa sulfolane ka oona bo tla matlafatsa karolo ea eona feela ho aheng litsamaiso tsa indasteri tse tsitsitseng haholoanyane.”