Phenolphthalein: Magical Elf Munyika yeMakemikari

Munyika inoshamisa yekemikari, phenolphthalein yakaita semweya unoshamisa uye unonakidza, une runako rwayo rwakasiyana uye mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana, zvichiva chinhu chakakosha munzvimbo dzakawanda.

Phenolphthalein, upfu hwakatsetseka hwekristaro hune chitarisiko chechena kana cheyero zvishoma, hungaita sehusina kujairika, asi hune hunhu hwemakemikari emashiripiti. Hunonyungudika zvishoma mumvura inotonhora asi hunogona kutambanudza chimiro chahwo muzvinhu zvinonyungudutsa zvakaita seethanol ne ether. Uye chinonyanya kuzivikanwa kushanda kwahwo kwakanaka sechiratidzo cheacid-base. Kana pH yemushonga iri pasi pe8.2, phenolphthalein inoramba isingaonekwe chinyararire uye mhinduro yacho inoita seisina ruvara. Zvisinei, kana pH yasvika pa8.2 kusvika ku10.0, phenolphthalein "inoshanduka" ipapo ipapo, ichiita kuti mhinduro ibukire neruvara rwepingi runoyevedza, sekunge iri kutamba zvakanaka pachikuva chemakemikari, ichipa ruzivo rwakakosha rweacidity kana alkalinity yemushonga kuvanhu kuburikidza nekuchinja kweruvara. Mukuyedza kweacid-base titration, i "referee" yakanyatsojeka. Fungidzira kuti paunenge uchida kuyera huwandu hweasidhi kana base isingazivikanwe, unowedzera madonhwe mashoma ephenolphthalein. Sezvo titration ichienderera mberi, kuchinja kamwe kamwe kweruvara rwemhinduro kunoratidza chaizvo kuguma kwetitration, zvichikubatsira kuwana mhinduro chaiyo yekuyedza. Phenolphthalein ine mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana. Muindasitiri yemishonga, yaimboshandiswa semushonga unoshanda wekudzivirira kuvimbiwa. Nekukurudzira plexus yetsinga mukati memadziro emudumbu uye kukurudzira peristalsis yemhasuru dzakatsetseka dzemudumbu, yakabatsira vanhu kugadzirisa matambudziko emudumbu. Munyika yekugadzira organic, phenolphthalein yakaita basa guru, ichitora chikamu mukugadzirwa kwepurasitiki, kunyanya mapolymers e diazazone polyaryletherketone anoshanda zvakanyanya. Fibers, coatings uye zvinhu zvakagadzirwa kubva kumapolymers akadaro zvakawanikwa zvichishandiswa muminda yepamusoro senge zvemagetsi nemidziyo yemagetsi, michina yemakanika, kutakurwa, aerospace, atomic energy engineering nemauto, nekuda kwekudzivirira kwavo kupisa kwakanyanya, kudzivirira mvura, kudzivirira ngura yemakemikari, kudzivirira kukwegura kwekupisa uye kugona kwayo kugadzika uye kuumbwa zvakanaka.

Phenolphthalein yakawedzerawo mufaro mukuru muhupenyu hwedu. Mukuratidzira kunonakidza kwesainzi, chiitiko chemashiripiti che "mvura inochinja ruvara" chinokonzerwa nephenolphthalein. Mune mamwe matoyi emashiripiti, hunhu hwephenolphthalein hwekuti inochinja ruvara kana yaiswa mumaacid kana alkalis hunoshandiswa kugadzira mhedzisiro inoshamisa yekuona. Uyezve, kuburikidza nekushanda kuri nyore, tinogonawo kugadzira bepa rekuyedza rephenolphthalein tega. Tichishandisa iro kuona zvinhu zvine alkaline, rinoshanduka kuva dzvuku kana raiswa mumaalkali. Kunyangwe paine huwandu hushoma hweammonia mumhepo, bepa rekuyedza rakanyorova rinogona kuratidza ruvara rutsvuku rwakapfava.

Pakushandisa phenolphthalein, tinofanirawo kutarisira kuchengetedzeka kwedu. Dzora huwandu hwemvura muropa zvakanaka. Kazhinji, mushonga we0.1% alcohol ndiwo wakakodzera. Dzivisa kusangana neganda. Kana ukasangana neganda netsaona, iva nechokwadi chekusuka zvakanaka nemvura yakachena nekukurumidza. Paunenge uchichengeta, chengeta munzvimbo inotonhorera uye yakaoma, kure nezuva rakananga.

Phenolphthalein, chisikwa ichi chemashiripiti munyika yemakemikari, chinoita basa guru pasinei nehukuru hwacho hudiki. Ingava yekutsigira tsvakurudzo yesainzi kana kuunza zviitiko zvinoshamisa muhupenyu, zvese zvinoshanda. Ngatiremekedzei "gamba" iri rave richipa mipiro yakanyarara. Munzira yekutsvaga zvakavanzikaNezve chemistry, ngatitangei mamwe machitsauko anoshamisa pamwe chete nephenolphthalein!