I-1-Hydroxy Ethylidene-1,1-Diphosphonic Acid (HEDP) — Umkhuseli oSebenzayo woNyango lwaManzi kwiMizi-mveliso

I-1-Hydroxy Ethylidene-1,1-Diphosphonic Acid (HEDP), isikali esiphambili kunye nesithinteli sokugqwala kosapho lwe-organic phosphonic acid, iye yaba yikhemikhali ekhethwayo yokunyanga amanzi kwimizi-mveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamacandelo amaninzi ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esizinzileyo seekhemikhali kunye nokusebenza kwayo okugqwesileyo. Ikhusela ukusebenza kwexesha elide kwezixhobo kunye nophuhliso olusebenzayo lwamashishini.

Iingenelo eziphambili ze-HEDP zikwimeko yokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukumelana ne-asidi kunye ne-alkali, kunye namandla okuqina kwe-chelating. Ulwakhiwo lwayo olukhethekileyo lwe-CP bond luyamelana ne-hydrolysis kwaye lugcina ukusebenza okuzinzileyo phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-250℃ kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwe-pH lwe-2-12, kunye nokumelana okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-chlorine oxidation xa kuthelekiswa neemveliso ze-organic phosphonic acid ezifanayo. Amaqela e-bisphosphonic acid kwiimolekyuli zayo anokwenza ii-chelates ze-ring ezizinzileyo ezinee-ion zesinyithi ezifana ne-calcium, i-magnesium, isinyithi kunye ne-copper, ezithintela ngempumelelo ukwakheka kwesikali kubandakanya i-calcium carbonate kunye ne-calcium sulfate. Inika iziphumo ezilungileyo zokuthintela isikali nokuba kumanqanaba aphantsi kwaye ine-threshold effect, kunye nemiphumo emangalisayo ye-synergistic xa isetyenziswa kwi-compound formulations.

Iqhayisa ngeemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa kwayo. Kwimizi-mveliso, isetyenziswa kakhulu kumanzi abandayo ajikelezayo, kwiibhoyila ezinoxinzelelo oluphakathi noluphantsi, kwiipayipi zokufaka amanzi kwi-oyile kunye nokuhambisa ioyile ngamandla, kwiikhemikhali, kwi-metallurgical, kwi-chemical fertilizer nakwamanye amashishini, nto leyo ethintela ngokufanelekileyo ukufakwa kwesikali kunye nokugqwala, iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshintshiselana kobushushu kwaye yandisa ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo. Kwishishini lempahla kunye nokukhanya, isebenza njengearhente yokucoca isinyithi/engeyiyo isinyithi, i-peroxide stabilizer kunye nearhente yokulungisa imibala yokumhlopheza kunye nokudaya. Ukongeza, ingasetyenziswa njengearhente yokucoca i-electroplating engena-cyanide, iarhente yokucoca ecocekileyo kakhulu kushishino lwe-elektroniki kunye neyongezo kwiimveliso zeekhemikhali zemihla ngemihla. Ngobutyhefu obuphantsi kunye nobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, iyahlangabezana neemfuno zeemeko ezahlukeneyo.

Ukukhetha i-HEDP kuthetha ukukhetha isisombululo esisebenzayo, esizinzileyo nesingabizi kakhulu. Isombulula iingxaki zokukhula kunye nokugqwala ngokusebenza okuphezulu, inciphisa iindleko zokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa, kwaye inceda iinkqubo zoshishino ukuba zonge amandla kwaye zinciphise ukusetyenziswa, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yiarhente encedisayo yeekhemikhali esebenza kakuhle kakhulu kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso yanamhlanje.