Butadiene: Ibikoresho by'ingirakamaro bihishura udushya mu nganda zitandukanye

Mu itsinda ry’abahanga mu nganda zikora imiti, butadiene nta gushidikanya ko ari inyenyeri irabagirana. Ni umwuka udafite ibara kandi ufite impumuro ntoya. Bisa nkaho ari ibisanzwe, mu by’ukuri irimo ingufu nyinshi zishobora guhindura isi.

Butadiene ishobora gufatwa nk' "intwari ikomeye" mu nganda za "synthetic rubber". Imbunda zitandukanye zikora neza nka "styrene-butadiene rubber", "cis-polybutadiene rubber", "nitrile-butadiene rubber", na "chloroprene rubber" zose zishingiye kuri butadiene, "umuremyi" w'ingenzi. Byaba ari ukudashira no gufata amapine y'imodoka mu mihanda ikomeye cyangwa kurinda neza imitako ya "rubber" mu bidukikije bikomeye, butadiene itanga umusanzu wayo mu ibanga.

Byongeye kandi, butadiene irabagirana cyane ku rwego rwa resine za pulasitiki. Bitewe n'iterambere rikomeye ry'inganda za pulasitiki za styrene, butadiene na styrene bikorana binyuze mu gupima, bibyara urukurikirane rw' "ibikoresho by'ubumaji" bifite akamaro kanini, nka resine ya ABS na resine ya SBS. Kuva ku dusanduku dukomeye tw'ibicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki kugeza ku bice byiza by'imbere mu modoka, izi resine zikora neza ziha ibicuruzwa ubwiza bwiza bitewe n'imiterere yazo ihebuje.

Nk'ibikoresho by'ingenzi by'imiti, "uburemere" bwa butadiene bugera no ku gukora imiti y'ingenzi nka ethylidene norbornene, 1,4-butanediol, na adiponitrile. Ibi bicuruzwa birushaho guhindurwamo plastiki y'ubuhanga, nylon 66, n'ibindi, bikoreshwa cyane mu nzego zigezweho nko mu by'indege no mu nganda zikora imashini, bikaba imbaraga zikomeye zitera imbere mu nganda zigezweho.

Mu rwego rw'imiti myiza, butadiene igaragaza ubwiza bwayo budasanzwe kurushaho. Ibikomoka kuri anthraquinone bikomoka ku gukorana n'ibinyabutabire bya dieneophile bidafite electron ni ingenzi mu gukora amarangi, imiti yica udukoko, n'imiti yica udukoko. Anhydride ya tetrahydrophthalike iboneka mu gukorana na anhydride ya maleic ishobora gukoreshwa nk'ikintu gikiza no gukoresha pulasitiki mu gukora polyester resins na epoxy resins, bigatera imbaraga nshya mu kunoza imiterere y'ibikoresho.

Guhitamo butadiene bivuze guhitamo udushya n'ubuziranenge, no guhitamo gufungura amahirwe atagira ingano y'udushya tw'inganda zitandukanye! Nimuze dufatanye twubake ahazaza heza h'inganda zikora imiti, butadiene ikaba ishingiro ry'ingenzi.