Toluene diisocyanate (TDI, CAS 26471-62-5), ib qho tshuaj lom neeg tseem ceeb uas siv dav hauv cov saw hlau polyurethane thoob ntiaj teb, txuas ntxiv txhawb kev loj hlob hauv kev tsim khoom, kev tsim kho, tsheb, rooj tog thiab kev lag luam. Tsav los ntawm cov cai qis carbon, kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm kev thov lag luam kawg, TDI sector tab tom nkag mus rau theem tshiab ntawm kev ntsuab, kev ua haujlwm siab thiab kev txhim kho muaj nqis siab.
Ua ib qho tshuaj diisocyanate uas muaj zog heev, TDI feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm 2,4- thiab 2,6-isomers. Nws yooj yim polymerizes nrog polyols los tsim cov ntaub ntawv polyurethane uas muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws elasticity, hnav tsis kam, huab cua ruaj khov thiab kev ua haujlwm rwb thaiv tsev. Cov khoom no tau tsim TDI ua cov khoom siv raw tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau thoob plaws ntau yam kev siv hauv kev lag luam.
Ntau tshaj 70 feem pua ntawm kev siv TDI thoob ntiaj teb mus rau hauv cov ua npuas polyurethane uas yoog tau, uas ua haujlwm ua lub hauv paus rau cov txaj pw, rooj zaum, rooj zaum hauv tsheb thiab rwb thaiv tsev. Cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb ntxiv suav nrog cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm siab, cov khoom siv foob pob zeb, cov nplaum rau kev lag luam, polyurethane elastomers, tawv hluavtaws thiab cov ntaub thaiv dej. Kev thov tseem ruaj khov thaum muaj kev loj hlob hauv nroog, kev txhim kho vaj tse thiab kev sib tw ua kom lub tsheb sib dua.
Ua teb rau cov cai ib puag ncig thiab kev nyab xeeb nruj dua, kev lag luam tau ua kom nrawm dua kev siv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom huv dua thiab ntse dua. Kev siv phosgenation tas mus li, kev rov qab siv cua sov pov tseg thiab cov thev naus laus zis tswj kev tso pa tawm kaw tau txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob thiab cov pa phem ib chav ntawm cov zis. Kev tshawb fawb txog cov kev tsis yog phosgene thiab cov khoom siv bio-based TDI tau ua tiav zoo heev, txo cov pa roj carbon thiab txhawb nqa cov hom phiaj kev lag luam ncig.
Kev muab khoom thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev thov khoom tau loj hlob zoo dua nyob rau xyoo tas los no. Kev txhim kho peev xwm thiab kev tsim khoom sib koom ua ke tau txhim kho kev ruaj khov ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kev sib tw ntawm tus nqi. Kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov khoom xa tawm tau nthuav dav kev nkag mus rau hauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb, thaum qhov kev thov hauv qab tau sib txawv mus rau cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm siab, cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke hauv tsheb, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshiab thiab cov polymers kho mob.
Ua ib yam tshuaj lom neeg txaus ntshai uas raug txoj cai thauj mus los thiab kev tuav pov hwm thoob ntiaj teb nruj heev, kev lag luam TDI tswj hwm kev tswj hwm kev nyab xeeb thoob plaws hauv kev tsim khoom, kev khaws cia, kev xa khoom thiab kev siv. Cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm txheem, cov khoom siv tiv thaiv tus kheej thiab cov txheej txheem teb rau thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev tau siv dav kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev noj qab haus huv hauv chaw ua haujlwm thiab kev nyab xeeb ib puag ncig.
Saib mus tom ntej, TDI yuav tseem ceeb rau kev lag luam polyurethane thoob ntiaj teb. Kev tsim kho tshiab hauv kev tsim khoom ntsuab, kev ua kom huv si thiab cov khoom siv bio-based yuav txhim kho nws cov peev xwm siv. Txhawb nqa los ntawm kev thov kev lag luam kawg thiab cov cai txhim kho kom ruaj khov, TDI tau npaj siab los xa cov txiaj ntsig mus sij hawm ntev thaum txhawb kev hloov pauv carbon tsawg ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov khoom lag luam siab heev.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Plaub Hlis-13-2026
